THE
SYLLABUS OF AIR REGULATION IS AS FOLLOWS:
1.1
International Agreements and Organizations
a)
The Convention of Chicago
Air
Navigation
- General principles and
application: sovereignty, territory
- Flight over territory of
Contracting states: right of non-scheduled flight, scheduled air services,
cabotage, landing at customs airports, applicability of air regulations, rules
of the air, search of aircraft.
- Documents to be carried
in aircraft
- International standards
and recommended practices: adoption of international standards and procedures,
endorsement of certificates and licenses, validity of endorsed certificates and
licenses: departure from international standards and procedures (notification
of differences)
b)
The International Civil Aviation Organization
- objective and composition
- duties in relation to –
annexes to the convention, standards and recommended practices, procedures for
air navigation services, regional supplementary procedures, regional air
navigation, manuals and circulars
- The International Air
Transport Agreement - the five freedoms
- The Convention of Tokyo,
La Haye, Montreal – Jurisdiction, authority of pilot-in-command of the aircraft
- DGCA India: Organization
and Structure – Indian organizations name, composition, objectives and relevant
documents (Aircraft Act 1934, Indian Aircraft Rules 1937)
- Civil Aviation
Requirements
- Warsaw Convention
d)
PIC authority and responsibility regarding safety and security
e)
Operators and pilots liabilities towards persons and goods on the ground, in
case of damage and injury caused by the operations of the aircraft
f)
Commercial practices and associated rules
1.2
Annex 8 – Airworthiness of Aircraft
- applicability
1.3
Annex 7 – Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks
- applicability
1.4
Annex 1 – Personnel Licensing
- applicability
- relation between Annex 1
and CARs
1.5
Rules of the Air (Based on Annex 2)
- Annex 2: essential
definitions, applicability of the rules of the air, general rules (except water
operations), visual flight flights, instrument flight rules, signals,
interception of civil aircraft, table of cruising levels
1.6
Procedures for Air Navigation – Aircraft Operations Doc. 8168, Volume 1
a)
Foreword – introduction
b)
Definitions and abbreviations (see general statements)
c)
Departure procedures
- general criteria,
standard instrument departures, omni-directional departures, published
information, simultaneous operations on parallel or near-parallel instrument
runways, area navigation (RNAV) departure procedures based on VOR/DME, use of
FMS/RNAV equipment to follow conventional departure procedures
d)
Approach procedures
- general criteria (except
tables)
- approach procedures
design : instrument approach areas, accuracy of fixes (only intersection fix
tolerance factors, other fix tolerance factors, accuracy of facility providing
track, approach area splays, descent gradient)
- arrival and approach
segments : general, standard instrument arrival, initial approach segment (only
general), intermediate approach segment, final approach segment (except
tables), missed approach segment (only general)
- visual manoeuvring
(circling) in the vicinity of the aerodrome: general, the visual manoeuvring
(circling) area (except table), visual manoeuvring (circling) area not
considered for obstacle clearance (except table), minimumdescent
altitude/height, visual flight manoeuvre, missed approach whilst circling.
- Simultaneous ILS
operations on parallel or near-parallel runways
- Area navigation (RNAV)
approach procedures based on VOR/DME
- Use of FMS/RNAV equipment
to follow conventional non-precision approach procedures
e)
Holding procedures
- in-flight procedures
(except table), entry, holding
- obstacle clearance
(except table)
f)
Altimeter setting procedures (including ICAO Doc. 7030-Regional Supplementary
Procedures) – basic requirements (except tables), procedures
g)
Secondary surveillance radar transponder operating procedures (including ICAO
Doc. 7030 – Regional Supplementary Procedures)
- operation of transponders
- operation of ACAS
equipment
- phraseology
1.7
Air Traffic Services (based on Annex 11 and Doc. 4444)
a)
Air Traffic Services – Annex 11 : Definitions (see general statements)
b)
General
- objectives of ATS, divisions
of ATS, designation of the portions of the airspace and controlled aerodromes
where ATS will be provided, classification of airspaces (appendix 4 of Annex
11), required navigation performance (RNP), establishment and designation of
the units providing ATS, specifications for flight information regions, control
areas and control zones, minimum flight altitudes, priority in the event of an
aircraft in emergency, in-flight contingencies, time in ATS
c)
Air Traffic Control
- application
- provision of air traffic
control service, operations of air traffic control service, separation minima,
contents of clearances, co-ordination of clearances
d)
Flight Information Service
- application
- scope of flight
information service
e)
Alerting Service: application, notification of rescue co-ordination centres
(only INCERFA, ALERFA, DETRESFA), information to aircraft operating in the
vicinity of an aircraft in a state of emergency
f)
Principles governing the identification of RNP types and the identification of
ATS routes other than standard departure and arrival routes (Appendix 1)
g)
Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services (ICAO Doc. 4444 – RAC/501/11 and ICAO
Doc. 7030 – Regional Supplementary Procedures)
- definitions (See general
statements)
- relationship to other
document
h)
General provisions
- general air traffic
services operating practices: submission of a flight plan, clearances and
information, control of air traffic flow, altimeter setting procedures,
indication of heavy wake turbulence category, position reporting, air traffic
incident report, procedures in regard to aircraft equipped with airborne
collision avoidance systems (ACAS)
- Appendix 1
i)
Area Control Service
- general provisions for
the separation of control traffic
- vertical separation :
vertical separation application, vertical separation minimum, minimum cruising
level, assignment of cruising level, vertical separation during ascent or
descent
- horizontal separation:
lateral separation application, lateral separation application, longitudinal
separation application
- reduction in separation
minima
- air traffic control
clearances: contents, description of air traffic control clearances, clearance
to fly maintaining own separations while in visual meteorological conditions,
essential traffic information, clearance of a requested change in flight plan
- emergency and
communication failure: emergency procedures (only general priority, emergency
descent, action by pilot-in-command), air-ground communication failure (only
concerning the actions by pilot-in-command), interception of civil aircraft
j)
Approach Control Service
- departing aircraft:
general procedures for departing aircraft, clearances for departing aircraft to
climb maintaining own separation while in visual meteorological conditions,
information for departing aircraft
- arriving aircraft:
general procedures for arriving aircraft, clearance to descend subject to
maintaining own separation in visual meteorological conditions, visual
approach, instrument approach, holding, approach sequence, expected approach
time, information for arriving aircraft
k)
Aerodrome Control Service
- functions of aerodrome
control towers: general, alerting service provided by aerodrome control towers,
suspension of VFR operations by aerodrome control towers
- traffic and taxi
circuits: selection of runway-in-use
- information to aircraft
by aerodrome control towers: information related to the operation of the
aircraft, information on aerodrome conditions
- control of aerodrome
traffic: order of priority for arriving and departing aircraft, control of
departing and arriving aircraft, wake turbulence categorization of aircraft and
increased longitudinal separation minima, authorization of special VFR flights
l)
Flight Information Service and Altering Service
- Flight information
service
- Alerting service
m)
Use of radar in Air Traffic Services
- general provisions:
limitations in the use of radar, identification procedures (only establishment
of radar identity), position information, radar vectoring
- use of radar in the air
traffic control service
1.8
Aeronautical Information Service (based on Annex 15 and AIP, India)
- essential definitions
- applicability
1.9
Aerodromes (Based on Annex 14, Vol. 1 & 2)
a)
Annex 14
- definitions
- aerodrome data
- conditions of the
movement area and related facilities
b)
Visual aids for navigation
- indicators and signaling
devices
- markings
- lights
- signs
- markers
c)
Visual aids for denoting obstacles
- marking of objects
- lighting of objects
d)
Visual aids for denoting restricted use of areas
e)
Emergency and other services
- Rescue and fire fighting
- Apron management services
- Ground servicing of
aircraft
f)
Attachment A to Annex 14
- calculation of declared
distances
- radio altimeter operating
areas
- approach lighting systems
1.10
Facilitation (based on Annex 9)
- definitions
- entry and departure of
aircraft – description, purpose and use of aircraft documents general
declaration
- entry and departure of
persons and their baggage – entry requirement and procedures for crew and other
operator’s personnel
1.11
Search and Rescue (based on Annex 12)
a)
Annex 12 – definitions
b)
Organization
c)
Operating procedures
- procedures for
pilots-in-command at the scene of an accident
- procedures for
pilot-in-command intercepting a distress transmission
- search and rescue signals
d)
Search and Rescue Signals
- signals with surface
craft
- ground/air visual signal
code
- air/ground signals
1.12
Security (based on Annex 17)
a)
Annex 17 – General – aims and objectives
1.13
Aircraft Accident Investigation (based on Annex 13)
a)
Annex 13 – definitions, applicability
1.14
CARs : Sections 2, 7 and 8
1.15
National Law – National Law and differences to relevant ICAO Annexes and CARs.
Indian
aircraft act 1934-section 1,2,8,10,11A,11B, 17&18(3/9)
Aircraft
Rule 1937- Rule No.
1-19,21-29A.30,33,37A,38-48,50,52,53,55,65,67,67A,67B,68-70,76,79-89,133A,134,140,
140(AB&C)15&161
Schedule
I, II, VI, & XI
INDAIN
AIRCRAFT RULES 1920-RULE NO 53-64
AIRCRAFT
RULES 1954 (Public Health Rules)
AIRCRAFT
RULES 2003 (Carriage of Dangerous Goods)
2
Human Performance & Limitations
2.1
Human Factors : Basic Concepts
a)
Human Factors in aviation
- competence and
limitations
- becoming a competent
pilot – the traditional approach towards ‘proficiency’, the human factors
approach towards ‘professionalism’
b)
Flight Safety concepts
2.2
Basic Aviation Physiology and Health Maintenance
a)
Basics of flight physiology
- the atmosphere :
composition, gas laws, oxygen requirements of tissues
- Respiratory and
circulatory systems: pressurization, decompression, rapid decompression,
entrapped gases, barotraumas, counter measures, hypoxia, symptoms, time of
useful consciousness, hyperventilation, accelerations
- High altitude
environment: ozone, radiation, humidity
b)
Man and Environment the sensory system
- integration of sensory
inputs : spatial disorientation, illusions, approach and landing problems
c)
Health and Hygiene
- personal hygiene
- common minor ailments:
cold, influenza, gastro-intestinal upset
- problem areas for pilots
: hearing loss, flight related hazards to hearing, defective vision,
hypotension, hypertension, coronary disease, obesity, nutrition hygiene,
tropical climates – epidemic diseases
- intoxication: tobacco,
alcohol, drugs and self-medication, various toxic materials
- incapacitation: symptoms
and causes, recognition, operating coping procedures
2.3
Basic Aviation Psychology
a)
Human information processing
- attention and vigilance:
selectivity of attention, divided attention
- perception: perceptual
illusions, subjectivity of perception
- Response selection:
learning principles and techniques, drives, motivation and performance
Human
error and reliability
- Reliability of human
behaviour
- Theory and model of human
error
- Error generation
- Economics
- Social environment
(group, organization)
b)
Decision making
- decision-making concepts:
structure (phases), limits, risk assessment, practical application
c)
Avoiding and managing errors: Cockpit Management
- safety awareness: risk
area awareness, identification of error proneness (oneself), identification of
error sources (others), situational awareness stress
- Co-ordination (multi-crew
concepts)
- Co-operation: small group
dynamics, leadership, management styles, duty and role
- Communication:
communication model(s), verbal and non-verbal communication, communication
barriers, conflict management
d)
Personality
- Personality and attitudes
: development, environmental influences
- individual differences in
personality: self-concepts (e.g. , action vs. state-orientation)
- identification of
hazardous attitudes (error proneness)
e)
Human overload and under load
- arousal
- stress: definitions,
anxiety and stress, effects of stress
- fatigue: types, causes,
symptoms, effects of fatigue
- body rhythm and sleep:
rhythm disturbances, symptoms, effects, management, circadian rhythm
- fatigue and stress
management: coping strategies, management techniques, health and fitness
programmes, relaxation techniques
f)
Advanced cockpit automation
- advantages and
disadvantages (criticalities)
- automation complacency
3.
Operational Procedures
3.1
Operational Procedures – Special and Emergency Procedures
General:
a)
ICAO Annex 6, Parts I, II and III (as applicable)
- definitions
- applicability
- general framework and
contents
b)
CAR-OPS – Requirements
- General requirements
about
- quality system
- additional crew members
- methods of carriage of
persons
- admission to flight deck
- unauthorized carriage
- portable electronic
devices
- endangering safety
- additional information
and forms to be carried
- information retained on
ground
- power to inspect
- production of
documentation and records
- preservation of
documentation
- leasing
- Operator certification
and supervision requirements
- general rules for Air
Operator Certification
- issue 34
- variation and continued
validity of an AOC
- administrative
requirements
- Operational Procedures
requirements
- operational control and
supervision
- use of Air Traffic
Services
- instrument departure and
approach procedures
- carriage of person with
reduced mobility
- carriage of inadmissible
passengers, deportees, or
- persons in custody
- stowage of baggage and
cargo
- passengers seating
- security of passenger
cabin and galley(s)
- smoking on board
- take-off conditions
- application of take-off
minima’s
- ETOPS
- RVSM
- All-weather Operations
requirements: Low Visibility
- Aerodrome Operating
Minima’s – General
- Low Visibility Operations
– General operating rules
- Low Visibility Operations
– Aerodrome considerations
- Low Visibility Operations
– Training and qualifications
- Low Visibility Operations
– Operating procedures
- Low Visibility Operations
– Minimum equipment
- VFR Operating Minima
- Instrument and safety
equipment requirements
- general introduction
- circuit protection
devices
- windshield wipers
- airborne weather radar
equipment
- flight crew interphone
system
- public address system
- internal doors and
curtains
- first aid kits
- emergency medical kit
- first aid oxygen
- supplemental oxygen –
pressurized aeroplanes
- supplemental oxygen –
non-pressurized aeroplanes
- crew protective breathing
equipment
- hand fire extinguishers
- crash axes and crowbars
- marking of break-in
points
- means for emergency
evacuation
- megaphones
- emergency lightings
- automatic emergency
locator transmitter
- life jackets
- life rafts and survival
ELTs for extended over-water flights
- survival equipment
- Communication and
navigation equipment requirements
- radio equipment
- audio selector panel
- radio equipment VFR
- communication and
navigation IFR and VFR
- Flight crew
- flight and duty time
limitations and rest requirements
- cabin crew
Knowledge of basic
navigation equipment, operational and regulatory, requirements for long-range
flights in MNPS, Trans-oceanic and polar airspace.
c)
Special Operational Procedures and Hazards (General Aspects)
- Minimum equipment list
- AFM
- Ground de-icing
- icing conditions
- definition and
recognition, on ground/in-flight
- de-icing, anti-icing,
types of de-icing fluids
- performance
deterioration, on ground/in-flight
- Bird strike risk and
avoidance
- Noise abatement
- influence by the pilot
(power setting, low drag, low power
- Fire/smoke
- actions in case of
overheated brakes after aborted take-off and landing
- Decompression of
pressurized cabin
- slow decompression
- rapid or explosive
decompression
- dangers and action taken
- Windshear, microburst
- definition and
description
- effects and recognition
during departure and approach
- actions to avoid and
actions taken during encounter
- Wake turbulence
- cause
- influence of speed and
mass, wind
- actions taken when
crossing traffic, during take-off and landing
- Security
- unlawful events
- Emergency and
precautionary landings operations in various terrain – water (i.e. slopes,
mountains, jungle, offshore)
- definition
- cause
- factors to be considered
(wind terrain, preparation, flight tactics, landing in various terrain and
water)
- passenger information
- evacuation
- action after landing
- Fuel jettisoning
- safety aspects
- Transport of dangerous
goods
- Annex 18
- practical aspects
- Contaminated runways
- kinds of contamination
- braking action, brake
co-efficient
- performance correction
and calculations
3.2
Communications
3.2.1
VFR Communications
a)
Definitions
- Meaning and significance
of associated terms
- Air Traffic Services
abbreviations
- Q-code groups commonly
used in RTF air-ground communications
- Categories of messages
b) General Operating
Procedures
- Transmission of letters
- Transmission of numbers
(including level information)
- Transmission of time
- Transmission technique
- Standard work and phrases
(relevant RTF phraseology included)
- Radiotelephony call signs
for aeronautical stations including use of abbreviated call signs
- Radiotelephone call signs
for aircraft including use of abbreviated call signs
- Transfer of communication
- Test procedures including
readability scale
- Read back and
acknowledgement requirements
– Radar procedural
phraseology
c)
Relevant Weather information terms (VFR)
- Aerodrome weather
- Weather broadcast
d)
Action required to be taken in case of communication failure
e)
Distress and urgency procedures
- Distress (definition –
frequencies – watch of distress frequencies – distress signal – distress
message)
- Urgency (definition –
frequencies – urgency signal – urgency message)
f)
General Principles of VHF Propagation and Allocation of Frequencies
3.3
IFR Communications
a)
Definitions
- Meaning and significance
of associated terms
- Air Traffic Control
abbreviations
- Q-code groups commonly
used in RTF air-ground communications
b)
General Operating Procedures
- Transmission of letters
- Transmission of numbers
(including level information)
- Transmission of time
- Transmission of technique
- Standard words and
phrases (relevant RTF phraseology included)
- Radiotelephony call signs
for aeronautical stations including use of abbreviated call signs
- Radiotelephone call signs
for aircraft including use of abbreviated call signs
- Transfer of communication
- Test procedures including
readability scale; establishment of RTF communications
- Read back and
acknowledgement requirements
– Radar procedural
phraseology
- Level changes and reports
categories of messages
c)
Action required to be taken in case of communication failure
d)
Distress and Urgency Procedures
- PAN medical
- Distress (definition –
frequencies – watch of distress frequencies – distress signal – distress
message)
- Urgency (definition –
frequencies – urgency signal – urgency message)
e)
Relevant Weather Information Terms (IFR)
- Aerodrome weather
- Weather broadcast
f)
General Principles of VHF propagation and allocation of frequencies
g)
Morse Code
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